Sustainability is a principle of action according to which existing systems are only to be influenced to the extent that their functionality and stability are maintained in the long term.
In practice, this means that natural systems, such as a forest, are only changed (e.g. through timber harvesting or other interventions) to the extent that they can regenerate themselves.
The modern definition of "sustainable development" was established, among others, at the UN Conference on Environment and Development in 1992.
Three Important Strategies for Shaping Sustainable Development
Efficiency
The efficiency strategy aims at technical solutions for sustainable products and processes. Efficiency means achieving the best possible results with the least possible use of resources, energy and time. An efficient refrigerator, for example, requires little electricity, uses few resources during its production and has a long life span.
Consistency
The consistency strategy applies to the use of resources and the design of (production) processes. Consistency means that we use the materials and cycles of nature without destroying or breaking them up. Technical cycles should also follow nature's example and be self-contained. Examples are the use of renewable energies and renewable raw materials, or closing the water cycle by recycling wastewater.
Sufficiency
The sufficiency strategy concerns people's behaviour. Sustainable behaviour means making all lifestyle decisions (consumption, mobility, energy, etc.) according to sustainability criteria. The focus lies on real necessities, waste is avoided. Some possibilities are swapping, reusing and sharing (e.g. via car sharing or the use of tool pools).
Furthermore, the participation of all stakeholders plays a major role in sustainable development. This means that all people involved should have a say and a right to shape the implementation of these strategies. Otherwise, the acceptance of new techniques or ideas is very low.
Exercise: Find concrete examples for the three sustainability strategies from your everyday life. You might write your ideas in the comments.
