Exercises: Subtraction

$55-6=49$

$\begin{array}{l}55\\ \underline{-{}_{1}6}\\ 49\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: Since $5$ is less than $6$, you calculate $15-6=9$ instead and "memorize" the $1$ at the tens digit.

2. Subtract the tens: $5-1=4$

$8-4=4$

$19-2=17$

$\begin{array}{l}19\\ \underline{-2}\\ 17\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: $9-2=7$

2. Subtract the tens: $1-0=1$

$33-22=11$

$\begin{array}{l}33\\ \underline{-22}\\ 11\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: $3-2=1$

2. Subtract the tens: $3-2=1$

$10-0=10$

$43-23-15=5$

Subtract from left to right:

$=(43-23)-15=$

$\begin{array}{l}43\\ \underline{-23}\\ 20\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: $3-3=0$

2. Subtract the tens: $4-2=2$

$=20-15$

$=5$

Alternative Solution

$43-23-15=5$

Subtract in one step:

$\begin{array}{l}43\\ -23\\ \underline{-1_{1}5}\\ 5\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: Since $3$ is less than $(3+5)$, calculate instead $13-(3+5)=13-8=5$ and "memorize" the $1$ at the tens digit.

2. Subtract the tens: $4-(2+1+1)=4-4=0$

$21-4-7-10=$

Subtract from left to right:

$=(21-4)-7-10$

Intermediate calculation: $21-4=17$

     $\begin{array}{l}21\\ \underline{-{}_{1}4}\\ 17\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones:  Since $1$ is less than $4$, calculate instead $11-4=7$ and "memorize" the $1$ at the tens digit.

2. Subtract the tens: $2-1=1$

$=(17-7)-10$

$=10-10$

$=0$

Alternative Solution

$21-4-7-10=$

Subtract in one step:

$\begin{array}{l}21\\ -4\\ -7\\ \underline{-1_{1}0}\\ 0\end{array}$

1. Subtract the ones: Since $1$ is less than $(4+7)$, calculate instead $11-(4+7+0)=11-11=0$ and "memorize" the $1$ at the tens digit.

2. Subtract the tens: $2-(1+1)=2-2=0$

$23-18=$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones digit. Since $3$ is smaller than $8$, you need to calculate $13-8=5$ instead and "memorize" a 1 at the tens digit.

$\begin{array}{l}23\\ \underline{-1_{1}8}\\ 5\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $2-(1+1)=0$

The result is therefore $5$.

$45-29=$

$\begin{array}{l}45\\ \underline{-2_{1}9}\\ 6\end{array}$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones digit. Since $9$ is larger than $5$ you need to calculate $15-9=6$ instead and "memorize" a 1 at the tens digit.

$\begin{array}{l}45\\ \underline{-2_{1}9}\\ 16\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $4-(2+1)=1$.

The result is therefore $16$.

$14-10=$

Calculate from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $4-0=4$.

$\begin{array}{l}14\\ \underline{-10}\\ 4\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $1-1=0$.

The result is therefore $4$.

$19-15=$

Subtract from left to right. Subtract the ones first: $9-5=4$.

$\begin{array}{l}19\\ \underline{-15}\\ 4\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $1-1=0$.

The result is therefore $4$.

$57-46=$

Subtract from left to right. Subtract the ones first: $7-6=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}57\\ \underline{-46}\\ 1\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $5-4=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}57\\ \underline{-46}\\ 11\end{array}$

The result is therefore $11$.

$45-12-10$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $5-2=3$

$\begin{array}{l}45\\ -12\\ \underline{-10}\\ 3\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $4-1-1=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}45\\ -12\\ \underline{-10}\\ 23\end{array}$

The result is therefore 23.

$58-13-4$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $8-3-4=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}58\\ -13\\ \underline{-4}\\ 1\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $5-1=4$.

$\begin{array}{l}58\\ -13\\ \underline{-4}\\ 41\end{array}$

The result is therefore 41.

$87-65-12$

$\begin{array}{l}87\\ -65\\ \underline{-12}\\ 0\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $8-6-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}87\\ -65\\ \underline{-12}\\ 10\end{array}$

The result is therefore 10.

$90-15-58$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first. Since $5+8$ is greater than $0$, and even greater than $10$ you need to calculate $20-5-8=7$ instead and memorize a $2$ at the tens digit.

$\begin{array}{l}90\\ -15\\ \underline{-5_{2}8}\\ 7\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $9-1-5-2=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}90\\ -15\\ \underline{-5_{2}8}\\ 17\end{array}$

The result is therefore 17.

$87-25-50$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $7-5=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}87\\ -25\\ \underline{-50}\\ 2\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $8-2-5=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}87\\ -25\\ \underline{-50}\\ 12\end{array}$

The result is therefore 12.

$96-37-25$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first. Since $(7+5)$ is greater than $6$, you need to calculate $16-(7+5)=4$ instead and memorize a $1$ at the tens digit.

$\begin{array}{l}96\\ -37\\ \underline{-2_{1}5}\\ 4\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $9-3-2-1=3$

$\begin{array}{l}96\\ -37\\ \underline{-2_{1}5}\\ 34\end{array}$

The result is therefore 34.

$524-382$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $4-2=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}524\\ \underline{-382}\\ 2\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens. Since $8$ is greater than $2$, you need to calculate $12-8=4$ instead and "memorize" a $1$ at the hundreds digit.

$\begin{array}{l}524\\ \underline{-{}_{1}382}\\ 42\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $5-3-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}524\\ \underline{-{}_{1}382}\\ 142\end{array}$

The result is therefore $142$.

$876-351$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $6-1=5$.

$\begin{array}{l}876\\ \underline{-351}\\ 5\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $7-5=2$.

Then subtract the hundreds: $8-3=5$.

$\begin{array}{l}876\\ \underline{-351}\\ 525\end{array}$

The result is therefore $525$.

$954-733$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $4-3=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}954\\ \underline{-733}\\ 1\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $5-3=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}954\\ \underline{-733}\\ 21\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $9-7=2$:

$\begin{array}{l}954\\ \underline{-733}\\ 221\end{array}$

The result is therefore $221$.

$789-599$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $9-9=0$.

$\begin{array}{l}789\\ \underline{-599}\\ 0\end{array}$

Then subtract the tens. Since $9$ is greater than $8$, you need to calculate $18-9=9$ instead and "memorize" a $1$ in the hundreds place.

$\begin{array}{l}789\\ \underline{-{}_{1}599}\\ 90\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $7-5-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}789\\ \underline{-{}_{1}599}\\ 190\end{array}$

The result is therefore 190.

$222-189$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: Since $9$ is greater than $2$, you need to subtract $12-9$ instead and "memorize" a $1$ in the tens place.

$\begin{array}{l}222\\ \underline{-18_{1}9}\\ 3\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens. Since $8+1=9$ is greater than $2$, you need to calculate $12-9=3$ instead and "memorize" a $1$ in the hundreds place.

$\begin{array}{l}222\\ \underline{-1_1{8}_{1}9}\\ 33\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $2-1-1=0$.

The result is therefore 33.

$596-374$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $6-4=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}596\\ \underline{-374}\\ 2\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $9-7=2$.

Then subtract the hundreds: $5-3=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}596\\ \underline{-374}\\ 222\end{array}$

The result is therefore 222.

$658-157$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $8-7=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}658\\ \underline{-157}\\ 1\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $5-5=0$.

$\begin{array}{l}658\\ \underline{-157}\\ 01\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $6-1=5$.

$\begin{array}{l}658\\ \underline{-157}\\ 501\end{array}$

The result is therefore 501.

$352-131$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first: $2-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}352\\ \underline{-131}\\ 1\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $5-3=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}352\\ \underline{-131}\\ 21\end{array}$

Then subtract the hundreds: $3-1=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}352\\ \underline{-157}\\ 221\end{array}$

The result is therefore 221.

7412 - 4308

Subtract from left to right. First, subtract the ones. Since 8 is greater than 2, you need to calculate 12 - 8 = 4 instead and "memorize" a 1 at the tens.

$\begin{array}{l}7412\\ \underline{-430_{1}8}\\ 4\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens: 1 - 1 = 0.

$\begin{array}{l}7412\\ \underline{-430_{1}8}\\ 04\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: 4 - 3 = 1.

$\begin{array}{l}7412\\ \underline{-430_{1}8}\\ 104\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 7 - 4 = 3.

$\begin{array}{l}7412\\ \underline{-430_{1}8}\\ 3104\end{array}$

The final result is 3104.

3371 - 2250

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: 1 - 0 = 1.

$\begin{array}{l}3371\\ \underline{-2250}\\ 1\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens: 7 - 5 = 2.

$\begin{array}{l}3371\\ \underline{-2250}\\ 21\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: 3 - 2 = 1.

$\begin{array}{l}3371\\ \underline{-2250}\\ 121\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 3 - 2 = 1.

$\begin{array}{l}3371\\ \underline{-2250}\\ 1121\end{array}$

The final result is 1121.

5342 - 4357

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones. Since 7 is greater than 2, you need to calculate 12 - 7 = 5 instead and "memorize" a 1 at the tens.

$\begin{array}{l}5342\\ \underline{-435_{1}7}\\ 5\end{array}$

Then subtract the tens. Since 6 is greater than 4, you need to calculate 14 - 6 = 8 instead and "memorize" a 1 at the hundreds.

$\begin{array}{l}5342\\ \underline{-43_1{5}_{1}7}\\ 85\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds digit. Since 4 is greater than 3, you need to calculate: 13 - 4 = 9 instead and "memorize" a 1 at the thousands.

$\begin{array}{l}5342\\ \underline{-4_1{3}_1{5}_{1}7}\\ 985\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 5 - (4 + 1) = 5 - 5 = 0.

The final result is 985.

2395 - 1852

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: 5 - 2 = 3.

$\begin{array}{l}2395\\ \underline{-1852}\\ 3\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens: 9 - 5 = 4.

$\begin{array}{l}2395\\ \underline{-1852}\\ 43\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds. Since 8 is greater than 3, you need to calculate 13 - 8 = 5 instead and "memorize" a 1 at the thousands.

$\begin{array}{l}2395\\ \underline{-1_{1}852}\\ 543\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 2 - 2 = 0.

$\begin{array}{l}2395\\ \underline{-1_{1}852}\\ 543\end{array}$

The final result is 543.

8560 - 4320

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: 0 - 0 = 0. (That was easy).

$\begin{array}{l}8560\\ \underline{-4320}\\ 0\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens: 6 - 2 = 4.

$\begin{array}{l}8560\\ \underline{-4320}\\ 40\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: 5 - 3 = 2.

$\begin{array}{l}8560\\ \underline{-4320}\\ 240\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 8 - 4 = 4.

$\begin{array}{l}8560\\ \underline{-4320}\\ 4240\end{array}$

The final result is 4240.

4599 - 1327

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: 9 - 7 = 2.

$\begin{array}{l}4599\\ \underline{-1327}\\ 2\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens: 9 - 2 = 7.

$\begin{array}{l}4599\\ \underline{-1327}\\ 72\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: 5 - 3 = 2.

$\begin{array}{l}4599\\ \underline{-1327}\\ 272\end{array}$

And finally subtract the thousands: 4 - 1 = 3.

$\begin{array}{l}4599\\ \underline{-1327}\\ 3272\end{array}$

The final result is 3272.

$25-8$

Subtract from right to left. Subtract the ones first. Since $8$ is greater than $5$, you need to calculate $15-8=7$ and "memorize" a $1$ in the tens.

$\begin{array}{l}25\\ \underline{-{}_{1}8}\\ 7\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $2-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}25\\ \underline{-{}_{1}8}\\ 17\end{array}$

The result is therefore $17$.

$85-62$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: $5-2=3$.

$\begin{array}{l}85\\ \underline{-62}\\ 3\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $8-6=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}85\\ \underline{-62}\\ 23\end{array}$

The result is therefore $23$.

$64-38$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones. Since $8$ is greater than $4$, you need to calculate $14-8=6$ and "memorize" a $1$ in the tens.

$\begin{array}{l}64\\ \underline{-3_{1}8}\\ 6\end{array}$

Now subtract the tens: $6-3-1=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}64\\ \underline{-3_{1}8}\\ 26\end{array}$

The result is therefore $26$.

$333-189$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones. Since $9$ is greater than $3$, you need to calculate $13-9=4$ and "memorize" a $1$ in the tens.

$\begin{array}{l}333\\ \underline{-18_{1}9}\\ 4\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens. Since $9$ is greater than $3$, you need to calculate $13-9=4$ and "memorize" a $1$ in the hundreds.

$\begin{array}{l}333\\ \underline{-1_1{8}_{1}9}\\ 44\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: $3-1-1=1$.

$\begin{array}{l}333\\ \underline{-1_1{8}_{1}9}\\ 144\end{array}$

The result is therefore $144$.

$587-292$

Subtract from right to left. First, subtract the ones: $7-2=5$.

$\begin{array}{l}587\\ \underline{-292}\\ 5\end{array}$

Then, subtract the tens. Since $9$ is greater than $8$, you need to calculate $18-9=9$ and "memorize" a $1$ in the hundreds.

$\begin{array}{l}587\\ \underline{-2_{1}92}\\ 95\end{array}$

Now subtract the hundreds: $5-2-1=2$.

$\begin{array}{l}587\\ \underline{-2_{1}92}\\ 295\end{array}$

The result is therefore $295$.